Generalized Few-Shot Learning

The CIFAR-100 dataset (Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, 100 classes) is a subset of the Tiny Images dataset and consists of 60000 32x32 color images. The 100 classes in the CIFAR-100 are grouped into 20 superclasses. There are 600 images per class. Each image comes with a "fine" label (the class to which it belongs) and a "coarse" label (the superclass to which it belongs). There are 500 training images and 100 testing images per class. The criteria for deciding whether an image belongs to a class were as follows: * The class name should be high on the list of likely answers to the question “What is in this picture?” * The image should be photo-realistic. Labelers were instructed to reject line drawings. * The image should contain only one prominent instance of the object to which the class refers. * The object may be partially occluded or seen from an unusual viewpoint as long as its identity is still clear to the labeler. Source: https://www.cs.toronto.edu/~kriz/cifar.html Image Source: https://www.cs.toronto.edu/~kriz/cifar.html

CelebFaces Attributes dataset contains 202,599 face images of the size 178×218 from 10,177 celebrities, each annotated with 40 binary labels indicating facial attributes like hair color, gender and age. Source: Show, Attend and Translate: Unpaired Multi-Domain Image-to-Image Translation with Visual Attention Image Source: http://mmlab.ie.cuhk.edu.hk/projects/CelebA.html

The Caltech-UCSD Birds-200-2011 (CUB-200-2011) dataset is the most widely-used dataset for fine-grained visual categorization task. It contains 11,788 images of 200 subcategories belonging to birds, 5,994 for training and 5,794 for testing. Each image has detailed annotations: 1 subcategory label, 15 part locations, 312 binary attributes and 1 bounding box. The textual information comes from Reed et al.. They expand the CUB-200-2011 dataset by collecting fine-grained natural language descriptions. Ten single-sentence descriptions are collected for each image. The natural language descriptions are collected through the Amazon Mechanical Turk (AMT) platform, and are required at least 10 words, without any information of subcategories and actions. Source: Fine-grained Visual-textual Representation Learning Image Source: http://www.vision.caltech.edu/visipedia/CUB-200-2011.html

The Kinetics dataset is a large-scale, high-quality dataset for human action recognition in videos. The dataset consists of around 500,000 video clips covering 600 human action classes with at least 600 video clips for each action class. Each video clip lasts around 10 seconds and is labeled with a single action class. The videos are collected from YouTube. Source: Self-supervised Visual Feature Learning with Deep Neural Networks: A Survey

The iNaturalist 2017 dataset (iNat) contains 675,170 training and validation images from 5,089 natural fine-grained categories. Those categories belong to 13 super-categories including Plantae (Plant), Insecta (Insect), Aves (Bird), Mammalia (Mammal), and so on. The iNat dataset is highly imbalanced with dramatically different number of images per category. For example, the largest super-category “Plantae (Plant)” has 196,613 images from 2,101 categories; whereas the smallest super-category “Protozoa” only has 381 images from 4 categories. Source: Large Scale Fine-Grained Categorization and Domain-Specific Transfer Learning Image Source: https://github.com/visipedia/inat_comp/tree/master/2017

Animals with Attributes (AwA) was a dataset for benchmarking transfer-learning algorithms, in particular attribute base classification. It consisted of 30475 images of 50 animals classes with six pre-extracted feature representations for each image. The animals classes are aligned with Osherson's classical class/attribute matrix, thereby providing 85 numeric attribute values for each class. Using the shared attributes, it is possible to transfer information between different classes. The Animals with Attributes dataset was suspended. Its images are not available anymore because of copyright restrictions. A drop-in replacement, Animals with Attributes 2, is available instead. Source: Transductive Multi-view Zero-Shot Learning Image Source: https://cvml.ist.ac.at/AwA/

Animals with Attributes 2 (AwA2) is a dataset for benchmarking transfer-learning algorithms, such as attribute base classification and zero-shot learning. AwA2 is a drop-in replacement of original Animals with Attributes (AwA) dataset, with more images released for each category. Specifically, AwA2 consists of in total 37322 images distributed in 50 animal categories. The AwA2 also provides a category-attribute matrix, which contains an 85-dim attribute vector (e.g., color, stripe, furry, size, and habitat) for each category. Source: Learning from Noisy Web Data with Category-level Supervision Image Source: https://arxiv.org/pdf/1604.00326.pdf

ImageNet Long-Tailed is a subset of /dataset/imagenet dataset consisting of 115.8K images from 1000 categories, with maximally 1280 images per class and minimally 5 images per class. The additional classes of images in ImageNet-2010 are used as the open set. Source: Large-Scale Long-Tailed Recognition in an Open World

Extended GTEA Gaze+ EGTEA Gaze+ is a large-scale dataset for FPV actions and gaze. It subsumes GTEA Gaze+ and comes with HD videos (1280x960), audios, gaze tracking data, frame-level action annotations, and pixel-level hand masks at sampled frames. Specifically, EGTEA Gaze+ contains 28 hours (de-identified) of cooking activities from 86 unique sessions of 32 subjects. These videos come with audios and gaze tracking (30Hz). We have further provided human annotations of actions (human-object interactions) and hand masks. The action annotations include 10325 instances of fine-grained actions, such as "Cut bell pepper" or "Pour condiment (from) condiment container into salad". The hand annotations consist of 15,176 hand masks from 13,847 frames from the videos. Source: http://cbs.ic.gatech.edu/fpv/ Image Source: http://cbs.ic.gatech.edu/fpv/

Places-LT has an imbalanced training set with 62,500 images for 365 classes from Places-2. The class frequencies follow a natural power law distribution with a maximum number of 4,980 images per class and a minimum number of 5 images per class. The validation and testing sets are balanced and contain 20 and 100 images per class respectively. Source: Long-Tailed Recognition Using Class-Balanced Experts

When glancing at a magazine, or browsing the Internet, we are continuously being exposed to photographs. Despite of this overflow of visual information, humans are extremely good at remembering thousands of pictures along with some of their visual details. But not all images are equal in memory. Some stitch to our minds, and other are forgotten. In this paper we focus on the problem of predicting how memorable an image will be. We show that memorability is a stable property of an image that is shared across different viewers. We introduce a database for which we have measured the probability that each picture will be remembered after a single view. We analyze image features and labels that contribute to making an image memorable, and we train a predictor based on global image descriptors. We find that predicting image memorability is a task that can be addressed with current computer vision techniques. Whereas making memorable images is a challenging task in visualization and photography, this work is a first attempt to quantify this useful quality of images.

Animal Kingdom is a large and diverse dataset that provides multiple annotated tasks to enable a more thorough understanding of natural animal behaviors. The wild animal footage used in the dataset records different times of the day in an extensive range of environments containing variations in backgrounds, viewpoints, illumination and weather conditions. More specifically, the dataset contains 50 hours of annotated videos to localize relevant animal behavior segments in long videos for the video grounding task, 30K video sequences for the fine-grained multi-label action recognition task, and 33K frames for the pose estimation task, which correspond to a diverse range of animals with 850 species across 6 major animal classes.

The COCO-MLT is created from MS COCO-2017, containing 1,909 images from 80 classes. The maximum of training number per class is 1,128 and the minimum is 6. We use the test set of COCO2017 with 5,000 for evaluation. The ratio of head, medium, and tail classes is 22:33:25 in COCO-MLT.

We construct the long-tailed version of VOC from its 2012 train-val set. It contains 1,142 images from 20 classes, with a maximum of 775 images per class and a minimum of 4 images per class. The ratio of head, medium, and tail classes after splitting is 6:6:8. We evaluate the performance on VOC2007 test set with 4952 images.

NIH-CXR-LT. NIH ChestXRay14 contains over 100,000 chest X-rays labeled with 14 pathologies, plus a “No Findings” class. We construct a single-label, long-tailed version of the NIH ChestXRay14 dataset by introducing five new disease findings described above. The resulting NIH-CXR-LT dataset has 20 classes, including 7 head classes, 10 medium classes, and 3 tail classes. NIH-CXR-LT contains 88,637 images labeled with one of 19 thorax diseases, with 68,058 training and 20,279 test images. The validation and balanced test sets contain 15 and 30 images per class, respectively.

MIMIC-CXR-LT. We construct a single-label, long-tailed version of MIMIC-CXR in a similar manner. MIMIC-CXR is a multi-label classification dataset with over 200,000 chest X-rays labeled with 13 pathologies and a “No Findings” class. The resulting MIMIC-CXR-LT dataset contains 19 classes, of which 10 are head classes, 6 are medium classes, and 3 are tail classes. MIMIC-CXR-LT contains 111,792 images labeled with one of 18 diseases, with 87,493 training images and 23,550 test set images. The validation and balanced test sets contain 15 and 30 images per class, respectively.

Geoclidean-Elements dataset is derived from definitions in the first book of Euclid’s Elements, which focuses on plane geometry. Geoclidean-Elements includes 17 target concepts and 34 tasks. Source: Geoclidean: Few-Shot Generalization in Euclidean Geometry Image Source: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2211.16663v1.pdf

mini-ImageNet was proposed by Matching networks for one-shot learning for few-shot learning evaluation, in an attempt to have a dataset like ImageNet while requiring fewer resources. Similar to the statistics for CIFAR-100-LT with an imbalance factor of 100, we construct a long-tailed variant of mini-ImageNet that features all the 100 classes and an imbalanced training set with $N_1 = 500$ and $N_K = 5$ images. For evaluation, both the validation and test sets are balanced and contain 10K images, 100 samples for each of the 100 categories.

Imbalanced-MiniKinetics200 was proposed by "Minority-Oriented Vicinity Expansion with Attentive Aggregation for Video Long-Tailed Recognition" to evaluate varying scenarios of video long-tailed recognition. Similar to CIFAR-10/100-LT, it utilizes an imbalance factor to construct long-tailed variants of the MiniKinetics200 dataset. Imbalanced-MiniKinetics200 is a subset of Mini-Kinetics-200 consisting of 200 categories which is also a subset of Kinetics400. Both the raw frames and extracted features with ResNet50/101 are provided.

LoT-insts contains over 25k classes whose frequencies are naturally long-tail distributed. Its test set from four different subsets: many-, medium-, and few-shot sets, as well as a zero-shot open set. To our best knowledge, this is the first natural language dataset that focuses on this long-tailed and open classification problem.