Model Compression

SqueezeNet is a convolutional neural network that employs design strategies to reduce the number of parameters, notably with the use of fire modules that "squeeze" parameters using 1x1 convolutions.

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Neural Network Compression Framework, or NNCF, is a Python-based framework for neural network compression with fine-tuning. It leverages recent advances of various network compression methods and implements some of them, namely quantization, sparsity, filter pruning and binarization. These methods allow producing more hardware-friendly models that can be efficiently run on general-purpose hardware computation units (CPU, GPU) or specialized deep learning accelerators.

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Ternary Weight Splitting is a ternarization approach used in BinaryBERT that exploits the flatness of ternary loss landscape as the optimization proxy of the binary model. We first train the half-sized ternary BERT to convergence, and then split both the latent full-precision weight $\mathbf{w}^{t}$ and quantized $\hat{\mathbf{w}}^{t}$ to their binary counterparts $\mathbf{w}\_{1}^{b}, \mathbf{w}\_{2}^{b}$ and $\hat{\mathbf{w}}\_{1}^{b}, \hat{\mathbf{w}}\_{2}^{b}$ via the TWS operator. To inherit the performance of the ternary model after splitting, the TWS operator requires the splitting equivalency (i.e., the same output given the same input): $$ \mathbf{w}^{t}=\mathbf{w}\_{1}^{b}+\mathbf{w}\_{2}^{b}, \quad \hat{\mathbf{w}}^{t}=\hat{\mathbf{w}}\_{1}^{b}+\hat{\mathbf{w}}\_{2}^{b} $$ While solution to the above equation is not unique, we constrain the latent full-precision weights after splitting $\mathbf{w}\_{1}^{b}, \mathbf{w}\_{2}^{b}$ to satisfy $\mathbf{w}^{t}=\mathbf{w}\_{1}^{b}+\mathbf{w}\_{2}^{b}$. See the paper for more details.

BinaryBERT is a BERT-variant that applies quantization in the form of weight binarization. Specifically, ternary weight splitting is proposed which initializes BinaryBERT by equivalently splitting from a half-sized ternary network. To obtain BinaryBERT, we first train a half-sized ternary BERT model, and then apply a ternary weight splitting operator to obtain the latent full-precision and quantized weights as the initialization of the full-sized BinaryBERT. We then fine-tune BinaryBERT for further refinement.