RankShift: Evaluating Ranking Instability Across Benchmark Dimensions in Document Parsing

원문 초록

Document parsing benchmarks are often treated as stable measures of model quality, yet rankings may depend substantially on benchmark design choices. In this work, we present RankShift, a systematic study comparing OCR and vision-language models (VLMs) under controlled variation in dataset composition, matching strategy, and scoring methodology. Using OmniDocBench as a case study, we evaluate the ranking stability of 16 models across 3 dataset configurations, 6 matching strategies, and 3 scoring metrics. We quantify rank stability using pairwise rank correlation, top-k churn, and pairwise reversal rate. Our results show that the interaction between matching strategy and ground truth format is a substantial but understudied driver of instability: scoring against OmniDocBench's JSON annotations versus its Markdown rendering yields a mean Kendall's tau of approximately 0.33 under region-level matching strategies, with individual pairs as low as tau = 0.23, compared with tau = 0.77 when each page is scored as a single concatenated string. Dataset composition produces comparable instability across page-type strata (mean tau = 0.48) and layout-type strata (mean tau = 0.49), while the cross-dataset shift from OmniDocBench to Real5's Scanning reconstruction of the same pages is more stable (tau = 0.80). Metric choice is the most stable dimension, with mean tau of approximately 0.78 across NED, BLEU, and METEOR. These findings indicate that leaderboard position is not solely a property of model capability, motivating leaderboards that report not only headline scores but also the robustness of rankings across reasonable design choices.