TripleGrader: A Web-Based Platform Supporting Collaborative Triple Annotation with Quality Grading and Inter-Rater Agreement Assessment

원문 초록

Knowledge graphs need validated relational triples, and gold benchmarks of such triples are often built by several annotators. Most text annotation platforms focus on span tagging and compute agreement on categorical labels. They are not designed for ordinal quality grading of triples that have already been extracted. We present TripleGrader, an open-source web platform for grading subject-predicate-object triples on a 0 to 10 ordinal scale. In TripleGrader, each triple is scored independently, and peer scores stay hidden until the grader has rated it. Graders then discuss entries in threaded comments and propose revisions, which the session owner approves and publishes as new versions. For agreement, the platform computes quadratic-weighted Cohen's kappa for two raters and a quadratic-weighted Fleiss-type kappa for three or more. Graded sessions and the final benchmark are exported in common formats. We evaluated the platform in three ways. We ran 72 automated tests, including 18 workflow scenarios through the REST API. We also injected 10 error types to check whether prescribed corrections could be applied while preserving unaffected triples. On two small corpora with existing gold benchmarks, we then used the platform to curate the triples extracted by four large language models into each benchmark. Only 10% to 32% of the candidate triples could be kept unchanged, and 53% to 71% needed corrections, partly to match the benchmarks' naming conventions. Per model, 11 to 29 missing triples had to be added. On these corpora, the extracted triples therefore needed substantial human review. The source code is available at https://github.com/razz0n/triple-grader-tool.