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Zero-Shot Learning

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하위 태스크
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평가표
33
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84

Zero-shot learning (ZSL) is a model's ability to detect classes never seen during training. The condition is that the classes are not known during supervised learning.

Earlier work in zero-shot learning use attributes in a two-step approach to infer unknown classes. In the computer vision context, more recent advances learn mappings from image feature space to semantic space. Other approaches learn non-linear multimodal embeddings. In the modern NLP context, language models can be evaluated on downstream tasks without fine tuning.

Benchmark datasets for zero-shot learning include aPY, AwA, and CUB, among others.

( Image credit: Prototypical Networks for Few shot Learning in PyTorch )

Further readings:

데이터셋

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TVQA

The TVQA dataset is a large-scale video dataset for video question answering. It is based on 6 popular TV shows (Friends, The Big Bang Theory, How I Met Your Mother, House M.D., Grey's Anatomy, Castle). It includes 152,545 QA pairs from 21,793 TV show clips. The QA pairs are split into the ratio of 8:1:1 for training, validation, and test sets. The TVQA dataset provides the sequence of video frames extracted at 3 FPS, the corresponding subtitles with the video clips, and the query consisting of a question and four answer candidates. Among the four answer candidates, there is only one correct answer. Source: Two-stream Spatiotemporal Feature for Video QA Task Image Source: https://arxiv.org/abs/1809.01696

LSMDC

This dataset contains 118,081 short video clips extracted from 202 movies. Each video has a caption, either extracted from the movie script or from transcribed DVS (descriptive video services) for the visually impaired. The validation set contains 7408 clips and evaluation is performed on a test set of 1000 videos from movies disjoint from the training and val sets. Source: Use What You Have: Video Retrieval Using Representations From Collaborative Experts Image Source: https://sites.google.com/site/describingmovies/

COIN

The COIN dataset (a large-scale dataset for COmprehensive INstructional video analysis) consists of 11,827 videos related to 180 different tasks in 12 domains (e.g., vehicles, gadgets, etc.) related to our daily life. The videos are all collected from YouTube. The average length of a video is 2.36 minutes. Each video is labelled with 3.91 step segments, where each segment lasts 14.91 seconds on average. In total, the dataset contains videos of 476 hours, with 46,354 annotated segments. Source: COIN: A Large-scale Dataset for Comprehensive Instructional Video Analysis

Waymo Open Motion Dataset

As autonomous driving systems mature, motion forecasting has received increasing attention as a critical requirement for planning. Of particular importance are interactive situations such as merges, unprotected turns, etc., where predicting individual object motion is not sufficient. Joint predictions of multiple objects are required for effective route planning. There has been a critical need for high-quality motion data that is rich in both interactions and annotation to develop motion planning models. In this work, we introduce the most diverse interactive motion dataset to our knowledge, and provide specific labels for interacting objects suitable for developing joint prediction models. With over 100,000 scenes, each 20 seconds long at 10 Hz, our new dataset contains more than 570 hours of unique data over 1750 km of roadways. It was collected by mining for interesting interactions between vehicles, pedestrians, and cyclists across six cities within the United States. We use a high-accuracy 3D auto-labeling system to generate high quality 3D bounding boxes for each road agent, and provide corresponding high definition 3D maps for each scene. Furthermore, we introduce a new set of metrics that provides a comprehensive evaluation of both single agent and joint agent interaction motion forecasting models. Finally, we provide strong baseline models for individual-agent prediction and joint-prediction. We hope that this new large-scale interactive motion dataset will provide new opportunities for advancing motion forecasting models.

Kinetics-700

Kinetics-700 is a video dataset of 650,000 clips that covers 700 human action classes. The videos include human-object interactions such as playing instruments, as well as human-human interactions such as shaking hands and hugging. Each action class has at least 700 video clips. Each clip is annotated with an action class and lasts approximately 10 seconds.

FineGym

FineGym is an action recognition dataset build on top of gymnasium videos. Compared to existing action recognition datasets, FineGym is distinguished in richness, quality, and diversity. In particular, it provides temporal annotations at both action and sub-action levels with a three-level semantic hierarchy. For example, a "balance beam" event will be annotated as a sequence of elementary sub-actions derived from five sets: "leap-jumphop", "beam-turns", "flight-salto", "flight-handspring", and "dismount", where the sub-action in each set will be further annotated with finely defined class labels. This new level of granularity presents significant challenges for action recognition, e.g. how to parse the temporal structures from a coherent action, and how to distinguish between subtly different action classes.

HACS

HACS is a dataset for human action recognition. It uses a taxonomy of 200 action classes, which is identical to that of the ActivityNet-v1.3 dataset. It has 504K videos retrieved from YouTube. Each one is strictly shorter than 4 minutes, and the average length is 2.6 minutes. A total of 1.5M clips of 2-second duration are sparsely sampled by methods based on both uniform randomness and consensus/disagreement of image classifiers. 0.6M and 0.9M clips are annotated as positive and negative samples, respectively. Authors split the collection into training, validation and testing sets of size 1.4M, 50K and 50K clips, which are sampled from 492K, 6K and 6K videos, respectively.

BABEL

BABEL is a large dataset with language labels describing the actions being performed in mocap sequences. BABEL consists of action labels for about 43 hours of mocap sequences from AMASS. Action labels are at two levels of abstraction -- sequence labels describe the overall action in the sequence, and frame labels describe all actions in every frame of the sequence. Each frame label is precisely aligned with the duration of the corresponding action in the mocap sequence, and multiple actions can overlap. There are over 28k sequence labels, and 63k frame labels in BABEL, which belong to over 250 unique action categories. Labels from BABEL can be leveraged for tasks like action recognition, temporal action localization, motion synthesis, etc.

PKU-MMD

The PKU-MMD dataset is a large skeleton-based action detection dataset. It contains 1076 long untrimmed video sequences performed by 66 subjects in three camera views. 51 action categories are annotated, resulting almost 20,000 action instances and 5.4 million frames in total. Similar to NTU RGB+D, there are also two recommended evaluate protocols, i.e. cross-subject and cross-view. Source: Co-occurrence Feature Learning from Skeleton Data for Action Recognition and Detection with Hierarchical Aggregation Image Source: https://www.icst.pku.edu.cn/struct/Projects/PKUMMD.html

UT-Kinect

The UT-Kinect dataset is a dataset for action recognition from depth sequences. The videos were captured using a single stationary Kinect. There are 10 action types: walk, sit down, stand up, pick up, carry, throw, push, pull, wave hands, clap hands. There are 10 subjects, Each subject performs each actions twice. Three channels were recorded: RGB, depth and skeleton joint locations. The three channel are synchronized. The framerate is 30f/s. Source: https://cvrc.ece.utexas.edu/KinectDatasets/HOJ3D.html Image Source: https://cvrc.ece.utexas.edu/KinectDatasets/HOJ3D.html

MSRVTT-QA

The MSR-VTT-QA dataset is a benchmark for the task of Visual Question Answering (VQA) on the MSR-VTT (Microsoft Research Video to Text) dataset. The MSR-VTT-QA benchmark is used to evaluate models on their ability to answer questions based on these videos. It's part of the tasks that this dataset is used for, along with Video Retrieval, Video Captioning, Zero-Shot Video Question Answering, Zero-Shot Video Retrieval, and Text-to-Video Generation.

CAD-120

The CAD-60 and CAD-120 data sets comprise of RGB-D video sequences of humans performing activities which are recording using the Microsoft Kinect sensor. Being able to detect human activities is important for making personal assistant robots useful in performing assistive tasks. The CAD dataset comprises twelve different activities (composed of several sub-activities) performed by four people in different environments, such as a kitchen, a living room, and office, etc. Source: https://www.re3data.org/repository/r3d100012216 Image Source: https://www.researchgate.net/figure/The-CAD-120-dataset-A-Examples-of-high-level-activities-from-the-dataset-B-A_fig3_335424041

MSVD-QA

The MSVD-QA dataset is a Video Question Answering (VideoQA) dataset. It is based on the existing Microsoft Research Video Description (MSVD) dataset, which consists of about 120K sentences describing more than 2,000 video snippets. In the MSVD-QA dataset, Question-Answer (QA) pairs are generated from these descriptions. The dataset is mainly used in video captioning experiments but due to its large data size, it is also used for VideoQA. It contains 1970 video clips and approximately 50.5K QA pairs.

Oxford-IIIT Pets

The Oxford-IIIT Pet Dataset is a 37-category pet dataset with roughly 200 images for each class. The images have large variations in scale, pose, and lighting. All images have an associated ground truth annotation of breed, head ROI, and pixel-level trimap segmentation.

Assembly101

Assembly101 is a new procedural activity dataset featuring 4321 videos of people assembling and disassembling 101 "take-apart" toy vehicles. Participants work without fixed instructions, and the sequences feature rich and natural variations in action ordering, mistakes, and corrections. Assembly101 is the first multi-view action dataset, with simultaneous static (8) and egocentric (4) recordings. Sequences are annotated with more than 100K coarse and 1M fine-grained action segments, and 18M 3D hand poses. We benchmark on three action understanding tasks: recognition, anticipation and temporal segmentation. Additionally, we propose a novel task of detecting mistakes. The unique recording format and rich set of annotations allow us to investigate generalization to new toys, cross-view transfer, long-tailed distributions, and pose vs. appearance. We envision that Assembly101 will serve as a new challenge to investigate various activity understanding problems. Image Source: https://assembly-101.github.io/

CrossTask

CrossTask dataset contains instructional videos, collected for 83 different tasks. For each task an ordered list of steps with manual descriptions is provided. The dataset is divided in two parts: 18 primary and 65 related tasks. Videos for the primary tasks are collected manually and provided with annotations for temporal step boundaries. Videos for the related tasks are collected automatically and don't have annotations. Source: CrossTask Image Source: https://arxiv.org/pdf/1903.08225v2.pdf

UAV-Human

UAV-Human is a large dataset for human behavior understanding with UAVs. It contains 67,428 multi-modal video sequences and 119 subjects for action recognition, 22,476 frames for pose estimation, 41,290 frames and 1,144 identities for person re-identification, and 22,263 frames for attribute recognition. The dataset was collected by a flying UAV in multiple urban and rural districts in both daytime and nighttime over three months, hence covering extensive diversities w.r.t subjects, backgrounds, illuminations, weathers, occlusions, camera motions, and UAV flying attitudes. This dataset can be used for UAV-based human behavior understanding, including action recognition, pose estimation, re-identification, and attribute recognition.

OCNLI

OCNLI stands for Original Chinese Natural Language Inference. It is corpus for Chinese Natural Language Inference, collected following closely the procedures of MNLI, but with enhanced strategies aiming for more challenging inference pairs. No human/machine translation is used in creating the dataset, and thus the Chinese texts are original and not translated. OCNLI has roughly 50k pairs for training, 3k for development and 3k for test. Only the test data is released but not its labels. OCNLI is part of the CLUE benchmark. Source: OCNLI

C-GQA

We propose a split built on top of Stanford GQA dataset originally proposed for VQA and name it Compositional GQA (C-GQA) dataset (see supplementary for the details). CGQA contains over 9.5k compositional labels making it the most extensive dataset for CZSL. With cleaner labels and a larger label space, our hope is that this dataset will inspire further research on the topic.

AID

AID is a new large-scale aerial image dataset, by collecting sample images from Google Earth imagery. Note that although the Google Earth images are post-processed using RGB renderings from the original optical aerial images, it has proven that there is no significant difference between the Google Earth images with the real optical aerial images even in the pixel-level land use/cover mapping. Thus, the Google Earth images can also be used as aerial images for evaluating scene classification algorithms. The new dataset is made up of the following 30 aerial scene types: airport, bare land, baseball field, beach, bridge, center, church, commercial, dense residential, desert, farmland, forest, industrial, meadow, medium residential, mountain, park, parking, playground, pond, port, railway station, resort, river, school, sparse residential, square, stadium, storage tanks and viaduct. All the images are labelled by the specialists in the field of remote sensing image interpretation, and some samples of each class are shown in Fig.1. In all, the AID dataset has a number of 10000 images within 30 classes. The images in AID are actually multi-source, as Google Earth images are from different remote imaging sensors. This brings more challenges for scene classification than the single source images like UC-Merced dataset. Moreover, all the sample images per each class in AID are carefully chosen from different countries and regions around the world, mainly in China, the United States, England, France, Italy, Japan, Germany, etc., and they are extracted at different time and seasons under different imaging conditions, which increases the intra-class diversities of the data.

Argoverse 2 Motion Forecasting

The Argoverse 2 Motion Forecasting Dataset is a curated collection of 250,000 scenarios for training and validation. Each scenario is 11 seconds long and contains the 2D, birds-eye-view centroid and heading of each tracked object sampled at 10 Hz. To curate this collection, we sifted through thousands of hours of driving data from our fleet of self-driving test vehicles to find the most challenging segments. We place special emphasis on kinematically and socially unusual behavior, especially when exhibited by actors relevant to the ego-vehicle’s decision-making process. Some examples of interactions captured within our dataset include: buses navigating through multi-lane intersections, vehicles yielding to pedestrians at crosswalks, and cyclists sharing dense city streets. Spanning 2,000+ km over six geographically diverse cities, Argoverse 2 covers a large geographic area. Argoverse 2 also contains a large object taxonomy with 10 non-overlapping classes that encompass a broad range of actors, both static and dynamic. In comparison to the Argoverse 1 Motion Forecasting Dataset, the scenarios in this dataset are approximately twice as long and more diverse. Together, these changes incentivize methods that perform well on extended forecast horizons, handle multiple types of dynamic objects, and ensure safety in long tail scenarios.

Open Images V4

Open Images V4 offers large scale across several dimensions: 30.1M image-level labels for 19.8k concepts, 15.4M bounding boxes for 600 object classes, and 375k visual relationship annotations involving 57 classes. For object detection in particular, 15x more bounding boxes than the next largest datasets (15.4M boxes on 1.9M images) are provided. The images often show complex scenes with several objects (8 annotated objects per image on average). Visual relationships between them are annotated, which support visual relationship detection, an emerging task that requires structured reasoning. Source: The Open Images Dataset V4: Unified image classification, object detection, and visual relationship detection at scale Image Source: https://storage.googleapis.com/openimages/web/index.html

Ego4D

Ego4D is a massive-scale egocentric video dataset and benchmark suite. It offers 3,025 hours of daily life activity video spanning hundreds of scenarios (household, outdoor, workplace, leisure, etc.) captured by 855 unique camera wearers from 74 worldwide locations and 9 different countries. The approach to collection is designed to uphold rigorous privacy and ethics standards with consenting participants and robust de-identification procedures where relevant. Ego4D dramatically expands the volume of diverse egocentric video footage publicly available to the research community. Portions of the video are accompanied by audio, 3D meshes of the environment, eye gaze, stereo, and/or synchronized videos from multiple egocentric cameras at the same event. Furthermore, a host of new benchmark challenges are presented, centered around understanding the first-person visual experience in the past (querying an episodic memory), present (analyzing hand-object manipulation, audio-visual conversation, and social interactions), and future (forecasting activities). By publicly sharing this massive annotated dataset and benchmark suite, the aim is to push the frontier of first-person perception. Description from: Facebook AI Paper: Ego4D: Around the World in 3,000 Hours of Egocentric Video GitHub: https://github.com/EGO4D

SHREC

The SHREC dataset contains 14 dynamic gestures performed by 28 participants (all participants are right handed) and captured by the Intel RealSense short range depth camera. Each gesture is performed between 1 and 10 times by each participant in two way: using one finger and the whole hand. Therefore, the dataset is composed by 2800 sequences captured. The depth image, with a resolution of 640x480, and the coordinates of 22 joints (both in the 2D depth image space and in the 3D world space) are saved for each frame of each sequence in the dataset. Source: Exploiting Recurrent Neural Networks and Leap Motion Controller for Sign Language and Semaphoric Gesture Recognition Image Source: http://tosca.cs.technion.ac.il/book/shrec.html

UT Zappos50K

UT Zappos50K is a large shoe dataset consisting of 50,025 catalog images collected from Zappos.com. The images are divided into 4 major categories — shoes, sandals, slippers, and boots — followed by functional types and individual brands. The shoes are centered on a white background and pictured in the same orientation for convenient analysis. Source: UT Zappos50K

MSRC-12

The Microsoft Research Cambridge-12 Kinect gesture data set consists of sequences of human movements, represented as body-part locations, and the associated gesture to be recognized by the system. The data set includes 594 sequences and 719,359 frames—approximately six hours and 40 minutes—collected from 30 people performing 12 gestures. In total, there are 6,244 gesture instances. The motion files contain tracks of 20 joints estimated using the Kinect Pose Estimation pipeline. The body poses are captured at a sample rate of 30Hz with an accuracy of about two centimeters in joint positions. Source: https://pgram.com/dataset/msrc-12-kinect-gesture-data-set/

N-UCLA

The Multiview 3D event dataset is capture by me and Xiaohan Nie in UCLA. it contains RGB, depth and human skeleton data captured simultaneously by three Kinect cameras. This dataset include 10 action categories: pick up with one hand, pick up with two hands, drop trash, walk around, sit down, stand up, donning, doffing, throw, carry. Each action is performed by 10 actors. This dataset contains data taken from a variety of viewpoints. The dataset can be found in part-1, part-2 part-3, part-4, part-5, part-6, part-7, part-8, part-9, part-10, part-11, part-12, part-13, part-14, part-15, part-16, We also created a version of the dataset that only contains RGB videos: RGB videos only.

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