FALC: An Artifact-Centric Life Cycle Model and Research Agenda for AI Forensics

원문 초록

AI systems increasingly appear in criminal investigations as tools, targets, and sources of evidence, yet AI forensics lacks a systematic account of the artifacts they produce: investigators often do not know which traces to look for, and for many traces they do find, no established analysis technique exists. In this paper we first developed the Forensic AI Life Cycle (FALC) that unlike other life cycle models shifts the focus onto the forensic artifacts created during the life cycle of an AI system. Through FALC we derived a reference list of artifacts that might serve an investigation. Second, we collected examples for crimes with AI involvement throughout FALC and questions likely to be asked when investigating these crimes. Third, we propose a taxonomy of forensic fields of expertise with a focus on the current possibility to analyze AI forensic artifacts using established techniques. For investigators, the model provides a systematic basis for identifying which artifacts to look for when an AI system is relevant to a case. For researchers, the classification shows where existing forensic methods already suffice and where new techniques are most urgently needed.