AscendMOEA: An Ascend NPU-Accelerated Platform for Tensorized Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algorithms

원문 초록

Multi-objective evolutionary optimization increasingly involves large populations, expensive problem evaluations, and diverse algorithmic structures. These workloads expose the limited parallelism of loop-based implementations, while rewrites for accelerator execution can alter selection order, tie handling, and population updates. AscendMOEA is presented as a scalable platform that executes multi-objective evolutionary algorithms (MOEAs) on Huawei Ascend neural processing units (NPUs) and conventional central processing units (CPUs). The platform represents the decision vectors, objectives, constraints, and auxiliary states as tensors and provides reusable interfaces for algorithms, problems, population operators, quality indicators, monitoring, and repeated experiments. Dense computations are executed in batches, such as dominance, distance, variation, and problem-evaluation calculations. Short recurrences with causal dependencies retain their prescribed order and consume precomputed tensor results, which preserves the behavior of the original algorithms. AscendMOEA contains 18 algorithms, 155 benchmark and application problems, 19 public operator interfaces, and 11 quality indicators. Experiments on eight Ascend NPUs and 192 physical CPU cores evaluate operator throughput, end-to-end runtime, memory consumption, numerical agreement, and implementation ablation. Tensorized operators obtain a median acceleration of 1.58 times on the NPU. At large population scales, complete algorithms achieve a median acceleration of 5.76 times while retaining the recorded quality indicators. Moreover, the results identify the workload scale and ordered computation that determine whether accelerator execution is beneficial. AscendMOEA is open-sourced at https://github.com/dqlme/AscendMOEA.