Unlearning at Speed: Rapid Activation Dampening for Efficient Machine Unlearning in Real-World Face Recognition

원문 초록

Machine unlearning has become increasingly important in face recognition, where regulations like the GDPR empower users to request the removal of their personal data from deployed models. However, most existing unlearning methods are designed for closed-set classification with small-scale models and training data, and therefore do not generalize to real-world face recognition systems, which operate in an open-set setting with large-scale models and data. In this work, we propose Rapid Activation Dampening (RAD), a fast and targeted unlearning method tailored specifically for large-scale open-set face recognition. RAD approximates differences in average neuron activations between forget and retain identities, identifying and selectively suppressing neurons that are most associated with the targeted identity through a sensitivity-controlled dampening mechanism. We further propose the Forget Score (FS), which addresses the mismatch between existing unlearning metrics and open-set problems by providing a probabilistic interpretation of forgetting directly in the representation space. Experiments across several recent large-scale face recognition architectures and datasets show that RAD achieves strong forgetting while preserving overall model utility and substantially improving unlearning speed. These findings establish RAD as a scalable and practical approach to machine unlearning in face recognition systems.