From Weapons to Events: Evaluating Evidential Support in Multimodal AI for Policing

원문 초록

Computer vision (CV) for policing has centred on recognising objects such as seized weapons, while body-worn video (BWV) is still reviewed by people, with existing AI tools using only its audio. Multimodal video AI could make BWV review faster and cheaper. At the object level, we present the KnifeHunter dataset, developed with UK law enforcement, with over 25,000 images of 543 knife classes and a protocol reflecting investigative conditions, and KHNet, a retrieval architecture fusing local and global features, which with about 125,000 distractor images attains 85.7% and 63.4% mean Average Precision (mAP) on the medium and hard protocols. At the event level, we present an evaluation protocol for video understanding pipelines, which describe a video as events and a transcript, that scores transcription, speaker attribution, event detection, temporal localisation and unsupported events. Whether each event is supported by the recording is labelled by a judge validated against blinded human labels. We apply it to complete pipelines, three 2026 omni-modal models and our hybrid NarrativeBridge-PAL-GPT-5 pipeline, on UKBWV-27, a pilot stress-test set of 27 publicly released UK BWV recordings (118 minutes). On this set the hybrid pipeline leads on five of six measures, yet it leaves 13.6% of predicted events unsupported and misattributes 27.7% of utterances, and every pipeline degrades on recordings from edited releases, long recordings and noisy audio. We propose readiness levels separating assistive tasks from those requiring verification of every output.