Explainable Iterative Data Visualization Refinement via an LLM Agent

원문 초록

Exploratory analysis of high-dimensional data relies on embedding the data into a low-dimensional space, based on which a visualization plot is produced to uncover meaningful structures and to communicate geometric and distributional data characteristics. Finding a suitable embedding algorithm configuration, particularly the hyperparameter setting, to produce a visualization plot that faithfully represents the underlying reality and encourages pattern discovery is labor-intensive and requires domain knowledge. To ease this burden, we propose an agentic AI pipeline that integrates rigorous quantitative assessment with large language model (LLM) based approximation of qualitative human judgment and insight. By treating visualization evaluation and hyperparameter optimization as a semantic task, our system generates a multi-faceted report that contextualizes quantitative metrics with descriptive summaries, and suggests actionable recommendations of algorithm configuration for refining data visualization. Through an iterative refinement loop, the system rapidly produces a high-quality visualization plot in full automation.