Wearable-informed generative digital avatars predict task-conditioned post-stroke locomotion

원문 초록

Dynamic prediction of locomotor capacity after stroke could enable more individualized rehabilitation, yet current assessments largely provide static impairment scores and do not indicate whether patients can perform specific tasks such as slope walking or stair climbing. Here, we present a wearable-informed data-physics hybrid generative framework that reconstructs a stroke survivor's locomotor control from wearable inertial sensing and predicts task-conditioned post-stroke locomotion in new environments. From a single 20 m level-ground walking trial recorded by five IMUs, the framework personalizes a physics-based digital avatar using a healthy-motion prior and hybrid imitation learning, generating dynamically feasible, patient-specific movements for inclined walking and stair negotiation. Across 11 stroke inpatients, predicted postures achieved approximately 95% of the practically attainable accuracy for slope ascent and 80% for stair climbing, respectively, demonstrating reliable task-specific gait prediction. In a multicenter randomized pilot feasibility study (n = 21; 28 days), access to scenario-specific locomotion predictions to support task selection and difficulty titration was associated with larger gains in Fugl-Meyer lower-extremity scores than the control group (mean change 6.0 vs 3.7 points; p < 0.05). These results suggest that wearable-informed generative digital avatars may augment individualized gait rehabilitation planning and provide a pathway toward dynamically personalized post-stroke motor recovery strategies.